Custard Apple Farming in India: Cultivation and Benefits

The custard apple, also known as “Sitaphal,” belongs to the Sapindaceae family of fruits. It is well-known for its custard-like pulp. This crop is cultivated widely in India and is utilized for local use as well as exportation. The cultivation of custard apples as a cash crop has received a boost since people have recognized the several nutritional benefits of the fruit.

Custard apples can be grown in tropical and subtropical regions and are well-suited for farming in India. Modern farmers are using modern farm machinery to boost their orchard farming. Let’s learn more about the process of growing custard apples, its benefits and its market potential.

Cultivation Process of Custard Apple Farming

The process of custard farming involves selecting the right variety to harvest in a proper way to maintain the quality of produce. Let’s learn more about it in detail.

Climatic and Soil Requirements

Custard apples grow in tropical and subtropical regions. They should be grown at temperatures ranging from 25-30°C, though they cannot tolerate frost. Sandy loam is the best type of soil for the cultivation of custard apples, and the recommended pH level for soil is 6.

Soil Preparation

Tilling and ploughing the field is important to ensure the optimal growth of trees for growing custard apples. Farmers should also apply organic manure, which helps improve the fertility of the soil. In modern farming, farm equipment like tractors can be used to prepare the land. If you are planning to buy a tractor, then you must check the Sonalika Tractor Price, as they are small tractors good for orchard farming.

This tractor offers a 50 HP power engine and a 60-litre fuel tank, which allows it to work efficiently in orchards.

Plantation

Custard apples can be propagated using seeds or vegetative propagation techniques such as grafting. Grafted plants are preferred since the fruit-bearing starts early and the fruits are of standard quality. The gap between plants should ideally be 4-5 meters to accommodate enough space for development. Ideally, planting should be conducted as soon as the monsoon begins to ensure that the plants grow effectively.

Irrigation

Custard apples don’t need to be watered regularly; therefore, it is advisable to water them less frequently. For efficient irrigation, drip irrigation is used to avoid wastage of water, especially in areas where the water level is low. Moreover, it facilitates the equal distribution of water to all the roots.

Pest Control

Fruit borers and aphids are the pests that often affect custard apples. These pests can be effectively managed through periodic check-ups and the application of organic chemical fertilizers. Bacterial and fungal diseases such as anthracnose can be controlled by adequate ventilation and the proper use of fungicides.

Harvesting 

Custard apples can be harvested from September to December. The fruits must be harvested when they are mature and when they can be compressed with some ease. Rotten Fruits cannot do good business in the market. Instead of using other modes of conveying the harvested fruits, Mini Tractors can be used since they cause little or no damage to the fruits and help increase efficiency.

The Benefits of Custard Apple Farming

Nutritional value

Custard apples are nutritionally high and contain vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, and antioxidants. They also contain Vitamin C and potassium, which help build up immunity and regulate blood pressure.

Economic Benefit

Custard apple farming is a highly profitable business for farmers in India. The initial investment is considerably low compared to other fruit crops. However, the market demand is high, which means that farmers producing custard apples will get a good return on their investment.

Environmental Benefit

The custard apple tree is resistant and thrives well even in unfavourable soil conditions; therefore, it is well suited to places with bad soils. They also need less water, which makes them ideal for growing in regions that experience a drought.

Market Value and Demand

Custard apples are in high demand in Indian domestic markets, both urban and rural. Other major export markets are the Middle East and European markets. The export market is another source of income for farmers. The demand for exotic fruits has also risen in the global markets, enhancing the chances of exports of custard apples.

The price of custard apples will be determined by their quality, size, and existing market value. Overall, custard apples are in high demand and can be sold for good prices in local and international markets. Sound packaging and timely delivery can clearly add market value to the produce.

Conclusion

Custard apple farming in India presents an excellent opportunity for farmers to increase their income. With proper cultivation practices and the use of modern farming equipment, farmers can achieve high yields and superior-quality fruits. The strong domestic and export markets ensure that custard apple farming remains a profitable venture.